A proposed undersea tunnel connecting Africa and Europe.
Historical Context: The idea of linking Africa and Europe across the Strait of Gibraltar dates back to the 19th century, with formal plans taking shape in 1979.
Project Details: The tunnel would be 38.7 to 42 km long, with over 27 km submerged beneath the Strait of Gibraltar. It would reach a depth of 475 meters below sea level and feature a twin-tube railway for high-speed passenger and freight trains, along with a service gallery.
Connection Points: The tunnel is planned to connect Ponta Paloma in Spain to Ponta Malabata near Tangier, Morocco.
Timeline and Cost: Construction is projected to start in 2030 and take 10 to 15 years, with completion estimated between 2040 and 2045. The estimated cost is €9.4 billion.
Funding and Leadership: Funding is expected from Spanish and Moroccan government funds, EU support, and potentially private investors. A Spanish-Moroccan consortium is driving the project.
Benefits: The tunnel is anticipated to significantly reduce travel time, boost trade, foster cultural exchange and tourism, and unlock economic synergies between Africa and Europe. It also holds geopolitical importance for European supply chains.
Challenges and Skepticism: Concerns include environmental risks and seismic activity, although technological advancements are expected to offer solutions.
47 years ago I stared at Mt. Tangier from Cadiz, couldn’t go any farther and had to turn left.
